Gill, Simaranjit Singh (2012). Controlling diesel NOx & PM emissions using fuel components and enhanced aftertreatment techniques: developing the next generation emission control system. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.
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Abstract
The following research thesis focuses on methods of controlling nitrogen oxides (NO\(_X\)) and particulate matter (PM) emissions emitted from a low temperature diesel exhaust. This involves studying the influence of hydrogen (H\(_2)\) on various aftertreatment devices such as hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) over silver-alumina (Ag-Al\(_2\)O\(_3\)) catalysts for lean NO\(_X\) reduction, platinum diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC) for nitrogen dioxide (NO\(_2)\) production and passive regeneration methods for the diesel particulate filter (DPF). H2 was implemented on-board either through diesel exhaust gas fuel reforming or via the simulation of ammonia (NH\(_3\)) dissociation. Both methods showed to be very effective in enhancing the activity of a silver HC-SCR catalyst for the reduction of NO\(_X\) with conversions reaching 90% with the aid of an upstream DPF. A combined DOC and catalysed DPF (cDPF) configuration proved promising for passive regeneration in the presence of reformed exhaust gas recirculation (REGR). The addition of H\(_2\) over the DOC led to an improved catalyst light-off temperature and increased rate of oxidation for NO\(_2\) production. Implementing filtered EGR (FEGR) removes the hydrocarbon (HC) and soot recirculation penalty, thus minimising particulate growth which results in a significantly reduced engine-out soot emission during exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and hence, an improved NO\(_X\)/soot ratio. Introducing fuel components which enhance the cetane number and oxygenate the diesel fuel allow better control of the NO\(_X\)/soot trade-off with improved soot oxidation properties.
| Type of Work: | Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.) | ||||||
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| Award Type: | Doctorates > Ph.D. | ||||||
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| College/Faculty: | Colleges (2008 onwards) > College of Engineering & Physical Sciences | ||||||
| School or Department: | School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering | ||||||
| Funders: | Other | ||||||
| Other Funders: | The University of Birmingham | ||||||
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics T Technology > TS Manufactures |
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| URI: | http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/3643 |
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