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Sittichompoo, Sak 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7078
(2022).
Hydrogen carriers fuel reforming for on-board hydrogen production with heat recovery.
University of Birmingham.
Ph.D.
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Sittichompoo2022PhD.pdf
Text - Accepted Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (2MB) | Preview |
Abstract
The increasing concern of the impact of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emitted by internal combustion engines on global climate change, air quality, and public health have directed the research community to seek various solutions to control and reduce engine-out emissions. Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines are one of the propulsion systems for road transportation that is heavily regulated by stringent emission legislation bodies. Hydrogen is proposed as an energy vector to help reduce air pollution and decarbonise road transports. However, on-board hydrogen storage is the main obstacle that limits vehicular hydrogen usage. This results in the search for better ways to produce on-board hydrogen for GDI engines to meet both emission legal limits and reduce carbon footprint.
This thesis investigated hydrogen production from ammonia, urea-water solution (AUS32), and AUS32-alcohol fuels (ethanol and methanol) blends through catalytic decomposition. The thesis was carried out using both equilibrium calculations and experiment methods to examine hydrogen yield and product gas compositions from proposed hydrogen carriers. The results indicated that H2 production could be realised if using waste heat energy from GDI exhaust gas at typical GDI engine conditions. Catalyst inhibition by water combined with limited rate of ammonia decomposition were responsible of unconverted ammonia in the product from hydrogen production process. The presence of gas species in GDI exhaust gas contributed to the formation of by-products (mainly, hydrocarbons) from H2 production process. The highest hydrogen yield (30.3%-vol) was achieved with AUS32-ethanol blend with significant amount of hydrocarbon by-products. The estimation of tail-pipe CO\(_2\) reduction by using hydrogen produced from ammonia to replace gasoline fuel in GDI engine illustrated the highest impact on tail-pipe CO\(_2\) reduction considering tank-to-wheel scenario. Meanwhile, using hydrogen produced from AUS32-ethanol blend showed higher estimated CO\(_2\) reduction when analysis performed in well-to-wheel scenario.
The findings in this thesis reveal the feasibility to decarbonise road vehicles equipped with GDI engines. Using proposed carbon neutral hydrogen carriers to improve the air quality to contribute to future zero emission society and address the global climate change.
| Type of Work: | Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.) | ||||||||||||
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| Award Type: | Doctorates > Ph.D. | ||||||||||||
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| Licence: | Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 | ||||||||||||
| College/Faculty: | Colleges (2008 onwards) > College of Engineering & Physical Sciences | ||||||||||||
| School or Department: | School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering | ||||||||||||
| Funders: | Other | ||||||||||||
| Other Funders: | National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), an agency of the royal Thai government | ||||||||||||
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
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| URI: | http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/13186 |
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