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http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/2217 http://eprints.org/relation/ispreviewThumbnailVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/2217 http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/2217 archive 4031 disk0/00/00/09/06 2010-08-23 16:17:34 2019-01-17 16:56:23 2011-07-19 16:25:27 thesis show 0 Gifford Julie Louise JulieGregory@bankofscotland.co.uk Amis Philip 1956- University of Birmingham unpub HC HN 30sch_ppol Informal finance, debt, Africa, micro-finance, poverty, livelihoods, Uganda, urban, credit, social capital The concept of urban poverty has developed from a static income-based absolute approach to a holistic dynamic and complex state, embedded in livelihood assets and a vulnerability context. A variety of livelihood assets including labour, housing, intra-household, human and social capital are important for risk management strategies. Microfinance has been seen as a key panacea for livelihood development. Using the livelihoods framework this research analyses the nature of livelihoods and financial services within Bwaise, Kampala, Uganda, a poor, densely populated area with a mixture of residential and commercial activities. Financial services available in the area at the time of the research were diverse, ranging from formal banks and donor-led microfinance to cash rounds and informal loans. These financial services, mainly developed by the poor, were used to secure livelihoods with a cumulative nesting of use by the poor. The influence of external factors was high and significantly affected how the poor managed their livelihoods and impeded livelihood development. Theft, ill health and unstable employment were key factors contributing to a highly vulnerable environment. The complexity of urban livelihoods created the need for diverse financial services because expenditure requirements often outstripped income flows. A diverse range of financial services became a vital part of income and consumption smoothing risk management strategies, and these were key for protecting and managing livelihoods. 2007-07 2006-04 graduation 2616841 eng author unchecked This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. public 495 University of Birmingham Department of International Development d_ph na 2007-07 graduation