Forensic evidence of torture: Investigations into human rights violations

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/21783 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/21783 http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/21783 archive 4031 disk0/00/00/36/06 2012-07-26 12:42:13 2019-01-23 09:56:39 2012-07-26 12:42:13 thesis show 0 Henneberg Marika Linnéa Hunter John University of Birmingham Forensic evidence of torture: Investigations into human rights violations unpub CC D839 HT JX 30sch_hist It is demonstrated in this thesis that there is a major potential for effective recovery and documentation of evidence relating to torture and fatal human rights violations from clandestine graves and human skeletal remains. Investigations into these types of crimes are justified legally, ethically and for humanitarian reasons. The secrecy surrounding torture further emphasizes the need for impartial investigations where documentation of evidence should have top priority, alongside the identification of victims. Evidence of torture from graves and skeletal remains are divided into three main categories. First, skeletal trauma is often present after physical torture, and by gaining knowledge about specific torture methods it may be possible to determine the origins of such trauma. Secondly, material evidence in form of implements used to inflict pain, cause death or to restrain a victim are commonly found in clandestine graves. Thirdly, the contextual evidence from graves is important, particularly spatial relationships between human remains and associated objects, positions of individual victims within a grave, and all other general archaeological information such as stratigraphy. A thorough understanding of physical torture methods and their sequelae will provide possibilities for recognizing important evidence related to fatal human rights abuses. 2000 1999-09 graduation 1918067 eng other Scanned by Hollingworth and Moss This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. public 130 University of Birmingham Department of Ancient History and Archaeology m_ph na 2000 graduation