Modulation of calcium signalling in human sperm by nitric oxide

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/536 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/536 http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/536 archive 4031 disk0/00/00/01/97 2009-01-08 12:07:19 2019-01-23 09:51:42 2011-07-19 16:14:06 thesis show 0 Machado de Oliveira Gisela Sofia Mendes giselasofia@hotmail.com Publicover Stephen J. University of Birmingham Modulation of calcium signalling in human sperm by nitric oxide unpub Q1 QH301 10col_life Nitric oxide (NO) generation by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is implicated in gamete interaction and fertilization. In vitro studies were undertaken to assess the ability of human sperm and cumulus cells (surrounding the oocyte) to generate NO, investigate the mechanism of action of NO, the NO-mediated [Ca\(^{2+}\)]\(_i\) signalling pathways, the possible interaction of NO with progesterone (a product of cumulus) and its impact in the regulation of human sperm functions. Immunofluorescent staining revealed constitutive NOS in human cumulus. DAF-FM diacetate staining demonstrated NO production by cumulus cells. Human sperm exposure to NO donors caused mobilization of stored Ca\(^{2+}\) by a mechanism not requiring guanylate cyclase activation but mimicked by S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO; an S-nitrosylating agent). Dithiothreitol application, to reduce protein –SNO groups, rapidly reversed the actions of NO and GSNO on [Ca\(^{2+}\)]\(_i\). The effects of NO, GSNO and dithiothreitol on protein S-nitrosylation, assessed using the biotin-switch assay, closely paralleled their actions on [Ca\(^{2+}\)]\(_i\). Progesterone mobilizes stored Ca\(^{2+}\) in human sperm, by a mechanism involving ryanodine receptor (RyR) activation. Pre-treatment with NO reduced the amplitude of the Ca\(^{2+}\) response to ryanodine (a RyR agonist), suggesting convergence of the actions of NO and ryanodine. Sperm pre-treatment with NO greatly enhanced the progesterone effect on [Ca\(^{2+}\)]\(_i\), causing a prolonged increase in flagellar excursion. We conclude that NO regulates mobilization of stored Ca\(^{2+}\) in human sperm by protein (possibly RyRs) S-nitrosylation, that this action is synergistic with that of progesterone and that this synergism is potentially highly significant in gamete interactions leading to fertilization. 2008-12 graduation 2785913 eng author unchecked This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal public 234 University of Birmingham School of Biosciences d_ph FALSE other 2008-12 graduation