Ammonia emissions and pathogen inactivation during controlled composting of pig manure

155 25 17716 5 32047 document 17716 Cronje04PhD.pdf application/pdf ae96d0e03638aff9df2038ab591c2bbc MD5 9923961 2012-01-13 16:38:26 http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/155/1/Cronje04PhD.pdf 155 1 1 application/pdf application/pdf en public

Cronje04PhD.pdf

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/17716 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/17716 http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/document/17716 archive 4031 disk0/00/00/01/55 2012-01-13 16:38:55 2019-01-23 09:51:37 2012-01-13 16:38:55 thesis show 0 Cronjé Angela Leigh Barker Andrew 1943- Guy Stuart ftp://ubira.bham.ac.uk/eTheses/155_Cronje/ University of Birmingham Ammonia emissions and pathogen inactivation during controlled composting of pig manure unpub GE TP 30sch_engi Composting, pathogens, ammonia emissions, process model The effects of adjusting the initial carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ration and pH of pig manure and straw mixes on ammonia emissions and pathogen marker inactivation during composting were investigated by experimentation and modelling. Three, 210-litre reactors were designed and built to control conditions, such as the maximum operating temperature, minimise temperature gradients and enable analysis of the off-gas for ammonia, water, oxygen and carbon dioxide. Respirometry showed that the optimal temperature for composting pig manure was about 60°C. A simulation model suggested that ammonia emissions could be reduced by lowering the initial pH and increasing the initial C:N ratio of the organic material. Experimentally, lowering the initial pH significantly reduced ammonia emissions. The effect of the initial C:N ratio on ammonia emissions was not significant because of variations in the pig manure. Pathogen markers were sometimes detected after composting from experiments with low ammonia emissions, so questioning the established criteria for pathogen inactivation. Experimental data validated the model, which simulated organic material decomposition using first order reaction rate kinetics and predicted the temperature and ammonia emissions profiles from initial conditions. 2004 2003-10 graduation 2399207 eng author checked This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. public University of Birmingham School of Chemical Engineering d_ph epsrc bbsrc 2004 graduation