Epidemiologic and epigenetic biomarkers of oral human papillomavirus infection and oropharyngeal cancer

Olaleye, Oladejo Ayinde (2019). Epidemiologic and epigenetic biomarkers of oral human papillomavirus infection and oropharyngeal cancer. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.

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Abstract

Introduction:
High-risk Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause a subset of Oropharyngeal cancer (OPCs), with a rising incidence of HPV-OPC in the developed world. This thesis explores the epidemiology and epigenetics of oral HPV infection and OPC.
Methods and Results:
Systematic Review of 4,365 abstracts and Meta-analysis of 45 studies: Pooled prevalence for any oral HPV infection was 4.9% (95% CI: 3.7%- 6.3%) and high-risk HPV 1.8% (95% CI: 1.2%- 2.6%), with no difference by gender but variability by geography and sample type. Prospective Cohort Study in 1 01 individuals: Oral HPV in oral rinse reduced from 11% before tonsillectomy to 2% afterwards. However, 10% had new infections. Retrospective Review of 28,846 OPC on HES database: Survival is worse with increasing age, poor socio-economic status and multiple co-morbidities (p<0.05). Genomics and Epigenetics Study on 40 FFPE samples from HPV -OPC: 40% had viral E2 gene disruption detected by PCR, with no differences in methylation at E2-binding sites (E2BS).
Conclusions:
Oral HPV prevalence is low and tonsillectomy may affect its natural history. 60% HPV-OPC have an intact E2 gene with no differences in E2BS methylation. Survival from OPC depends on age, comorbidities and socio-economic status.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.)

Award Type:

Doctorates > Ph.D.

Supervisor(s):

Supervisor(s)	Email	ORCID
Woodman, Ciaran BJ	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Leonard, Sarah	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Mehanna, Hisham	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED
Wiench, Malgorzata	UNSPECIFIED	UNSPECIFIED