Cunliffe, Helen Elizabeth (2015). Transcriptional regulation of the anti-inflammatory protein tristetraprolin (TTP). University of Birmingham. Ph.D.
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Cunliffe15PhD.pdf
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Abstract
Feedback node genes (FNGs) are essential for negative feedback control of inflammatory responses. By definition, their expression is controlled by both pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli, often in a cooperative manner. This thesis investigates three FNGs, namely Dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), Tumour necrosis factor alpha inducible protein 3 (TNFAIP3) and Tristetraprolin (TTP, encoded by the \(Zfp36\) gene). DUSP1 is a negative feedback regulator of mitogen-activated protein kinases, TNFAIP3 negatively regulates the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signalling pathway and TTP is a destabiliser of pro-inflammatory mRNAs.
All three FNGs were induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli, with very different dependence on NF-κB signalling. Further to this, the anti-inflammatory agonists dexamethasone, prostaglandin E\(_2\) (PGE\(_2\)) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) were able to impair NF-κB activity and yet cooperated with pro-inflammatory agonists to increase expression of all three FNGs. Experiments in primary mouse knock-out macrophages suggested that DUSP1 may be necessary for some anti-inflammatory effects of PGE\(_2\), and for the cooperative regulation of other FNGs by pro- and anti-inflammatory agonists.
Three putative regulatory elements located upstream of the \(Zfp36\) locus were shown to mediate cooperative transcriptional regulation by various combinations of pro- and anti-inflammatory agonists. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments also demonstrated dynamic remodelling of the locus in response to a pro-inflammatory stimulus.
Type of Work: | Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.) | ||||||
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Award Type: | Doctorates > Ph.D. | ||||||
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College/Faculty: | Colleges (2008 onwards) > College of Medical & Dental Sciences | ||||||
School or Department: | School of Immunity and Infection | ||||||
Funders: | None/not applicable | ||||||
Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics R Medicine > RC Internal medicine |
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URI: | http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/6129 |
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