Development of a Portland cement based system for vertebroplasty

Wynn-Jones, Gareth David (2013). Development of a Portland cement based system for vertebroplasty. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.

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Abstract

Portland cement (PC) is generally known for its various applications in the construction industry. However, since mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), a PC based root filling material, obtained food and drug administration (FDA) approval in the late 1990’s there has been an increased interest in the use of the cement for other in vivo applications. PCs are durable, possess high compressive strengths, set in aqueous environments such as those found in vivo and have demonstrated desirable tissue responses as an endodontic sealant.
The injectability of PC with various additives was investigated for use in clinical applications such as vertebroplasty (the stabilisation of a fractured vertebra with bone cement) using a syringe with a 2 mm aperture. Additives significantly improved cement injectability, decreased setting times from over 2 h to below 20 minutes while maintaining the compressive strength of the material. Cement characterisation methods including X-ray diffraction (XRD), helium pycnometry and zeta potential measurements were employed to elucidate the effect of the additives on the cement setting reaction. The biocompatibility of PC was investigated with fibroblast and bone marrow cells. The freshly mixed cement appeared cytotoxic while set cement upregulated genes associated with the osteogenic phenotype.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.)

Award Type:

Doctorates > Ph.D.

Supervisor(s):