Weight gain associated with smoking cessation: a cohort analysis and feasibility trial for dietary management

Lycett, Deborah Anne (2012). Weight gain associated with smoking cessation: a cohort analysis and feasibility trial for dietary management. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.

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Abstract

Background: Quitting smokers gain weight, this offsets some advantages of quitting and may increase risk of type 2 diabetes above that of continuing smokers. The extent of weight gain, the associated characteristics, and management that will not hinder quit success are unclear. Method: Examination of weight gain in an 8year prospective cohort. Feasibility trial of smoking cessation combined with a very low calorie diet(VLCD) or individualised diet and physical activity planning(IDAP) with usual care. Results: Abstainers gained 9kg, 7kg more than smokers over 8years. Underweight and obese smokers gained most. Less weight gain (1.7kg) was associated with higher baseline alcohol consumption (14units/week vs. none). Recruitment from general practices was difficult and limited by VLCD contraindications. Following training, primary care nurses competently delivered specialist dietary interventions. The control condition was generally unacceptable. Half those on the VLCD were non-adherent. Mean weight change was +0.7kg(control), -1.3kg(IDAP), -7.1kg(VLCD) and +0.4kg for abstinence. We found lower cigarette cravings in the VLCD than control arm, but no difference in IDAP and unrelated to hunger. Relapse was greatest in the VLCD and least in the control. Conclusion: Weight gain after cessation is important and IDAP but not VLCD is a feasible approach for tackling this.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.)

Award Type:

Doctorates > Ph.D.

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