Young people’s experiences of Instagram use: exploring implications for their mental wellbeing utilising a biopsychosocial model

Kamran, Canis (2026). Young people’s experiences of Instagram use: exploring implications for their mental wellbeing utilising a biopsychosocial model. University of Birmingham. Ed.D.

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Abstract

My study applies a biopsychosocial (BPS) model to explore children and young people’s (CYP) experiences of Instagram and the impact that their use is having on their mental wellbeing (MWB) A case study design was applied that utilised qualitative methods to explore the participants’ accounts. Subsequently, thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2022) was applied for data analysis. Over a period of six weeks, 15 young people, aged 14-15, engaged in focus groups and interviews. The participants were students at a Birmingham-based secondary school.

Key findings suggested that the participants’ experiences of Instagram use were dominated by negative effects on their MWB that could be categorised into BPS factors (biological, psychological and social). The main themes identified were Instagram being a time thief; the Instagram user taking on the role of a spectator; Instagram encouraging addictive behaviours; and Instagram being used to manage MWB in an unhealthy manner. The findings also suggest that CYP could develop more serious issues related to their physical and mental health if the negative impacts of Instagram were not acknowledged and addressed.

My recommendations for schools are that they use measures to assess CYP’s use of Instagram and its effects. Assessment outcomes could then inform the implementation of early intervention to address and prevent further MWB challenges. My study exposes the need for all relevant stakeholders to work collaboratively to support CYP. Findings also suggest that associated policy, legislation and curriculum guidance needs to continue to develop and be implemented to address the issues associated with CYP’s use of Instagram/social media and the impact that it is having on their MWB.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Doctorates > Ed.D.)

Award Type:

Doctorates > Ed.D.

Supervisor(s):