Decarbonising the energy system with an integrated high temperature electrolyser and fuel cell

Mohammed, Kazeem Ayodeji ORCID: 0000-0003-3417-6795 (2025). Decarbonising the energy system with an integrated high temperature electrolyser and fuel cell. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.

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Abstract

This thesis presents an innovative integrated power-to-gas (PTG) energy system, primarily focusing on decarbonising the power generation sector and heating networks. It introduces a system-level simulation model combining Solid Oxide Electrolysers (SOEs), Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFC), Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), and a methanation unit. The study explores the system's ability to produce electrical energy, methane, oxygen, biomethane, and thermal energy, thus contributing to sustainable and clean energy production aligned with the seventh UN Sustainable Development Goal, which emphasises 'Clean Energy'.

The research demonstrates over 85% CO\(_2\) separation using an MCFC for upgrading raw biogas and methane production. A comprehensive techno-economic analysis of the fuel-cell-based PTG integrated energy system is conducted, focusing on thermodynamic efficiency and economic viability. The study also highlights the potential of leveraging in-situ CO\(_2\) for PTG technology through the upgradation of raw biogas.

The proposed system achieves significant efficiencies: an energy efficiency of 79.7% and an exergy efficiency of 55.5%. It is economically viable, with a calculated levelised cost of energy (LCOE) of £72.2 per MWh and a payback period of 2.92 years. The system model is detailed and validated using data from literature, and it integrates various subsystems, each with its flowsheet and auxiliary units, into a novel PTG energy system.

The thesis concludes by identifying challenges in commercialising cost-effective fuel cell technologies and the uncertainties in energy demand. Future research directions include conducting in-depth analyses using real-world energy demand data, exploring the integration with a steam turbine for enhanced power generation, and conducting experimental tests to validate the model and assess the impact of pollutants on cell performance and lifespan. This research opens new avenues for various engineering fields by integrating sustainable practices into project designs and contributes significantly to the power-to-gas field.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.)

Award Type:

Doctorates > Ph.D.

Supervisor(s):