Mixed forest plantation: managing complexity under climate change and innovative silvicultural approaches.

Rabbai, Andrea (2024). Mixed forest plantation: managing complexity under climate change and innovative silvicultural approaches. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.

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Abstract

Mixed forests are receiving increased attention globally. Their potential to contribute to adaptation and mitigation of climate change by improving resilience is considered an opportunity to highlight the role of tree species diversity within complex socio-ecological systems. However, there is a lack of a theoretical framework for effectively managing mixed forests. This thesis aims to advance our understanding of mixed forest management in the face of climate change while investigating active methods to improve forest productivity and carbon sequestration. In the initial study, the hydrological functions of a young mixed forest were compared to those of a mature forest over a five-year period, focusing on their responses to drought conditions. Results revealed that drought events can trigger adaptive responses in a young mixed forest, potentially driven by the diverse water acquisition strategies of different trees, resulting in significant changes in soil moisture levels. These findings also highlight the challenges of climate change-induced droughts for newly planted forests in temperate regions, emphasizing the need for careful management strategies. We further investigate alternative management practices for a four-year old mixed forest plantation, with the combined application of fertilizer and irrigation though to reduce drought susceptibility while enhancing carbon sequestration. Findings indicate an overall increment in tree growth after applying fertilizer and irrigation, although significant variations across species are attributable to the complex site hydrological conditions. In addition, evaluation of the influence of fertilizer application revealed significant alteration of soil greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4). This assumes critical importance within the context of afforestation and reforestation initiatives aimed at mitigating climate change. It also underscores the uncertainties of long-term viability of irrigation and fertilization, indicating that these intensive management practices may need to be temporary or site-specific. In summary, these results advance our understanding of managing mixed-forest plantations considering the influence of drought and active management. Findings highlight the substantial impact of intensive fertilization and irrigation on tree growth and the GHG balance within mixed-forest ecosystem, emphasizing the need for sustainable management practices.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.)

Award Type:

Doctorates > Ph.D.

Supervisor(s):