Trade challenges of LDC graduation: evidence from Bangladesh's garment and pharmaceutical industries

Karim, Md Rezaul (2024). Trade challenges of LDC graduation: evidence from Bangladesh's garment and pharmaceutical industries. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.

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Abstract

This thesis examines the impact of graduation on least-developed countries (LDCs) exports through two case studies on the clothing and pharmaceutical industries of Bangladesh.

The special and differential treatment (SDT) provisions, as gradually developed in the world trade system, aim to support developing countries, especially LDCs, in their efforts to use trade as a tool for development. But there are concerns regarding the effectiveness of SDT measures in promoting trade and development in LDCs, as well as the potential disruptions resulting from the withdrawal of those benefits upon graduation.

The research has used a qualitative methodology that combines the more traditional analysis of legal materials and secondary sources with in-depth interviews to complement the findings. The case study approach is utilised to understand the issues comprehensively and investigate the effectiveness of SDT provisions and the impact of their withdrawal.

Findings show that the selected Bangladeshi industries obtained significant advantages from LDC-specific SDT measures. Accordingly, withdrawing such benefits risks substantially impacting the performance of the sectors.

Since a record number of LDCs are currently in the graduation phases, these findings may help graduating LDCs, their trade partners and the WTO to create a well-designed graduation support system to avoid disruptions in development and ensure sustainable graduation.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.)

Award Type:

Doctorates > Ph.D.

Supervisor(s):