Investigating differences in haematopoietic stem cell yield throughout continuous vs. interval-based exercise bouts

Nijjar, Tarondeep Singh (2022). Investigating differences in haematopoietic stem cell yield throughout continuous vs. interval-based exercise bouts. University of Birmingham. M.Sc.

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Abstract

It is well established that bouts of exercise increase the concentration of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) within peripheral blood. Thus, exercise has been proposed as a potential adjuvant therapy for HSPC mobilisation in healthy, allogenic donors to assist in the HSPC donation process. Despite evidence indicating that both exercise volume and intensity are key drivers of HSPC mobilisation, the optimal exercise protocol to maximise HSPC concentration after exercise, remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in exercise-induced HSPC mobilisation kinetics throughout moderate intensity continuous training (MICT), high-volume high intensity interval training (HV-HIIT) and low-volume high intensity interval training (LV-HIIT) bouts of cycling. We hypothesised that both HV-HIIT and LV-HIIT would evoke greater increases in HSPC concentrations vs MICT. In a randomised design, five healthy males (mean ± SD: age 25 ± 4 years; BMI 26.9 ± 2.6 kg.m\(^2\)) undertook three cycling bouts: (i) MICT (30 min at 65-70% HR\(_{max}\)) (ii) HV-HIIT (4 × 4 min at 80-85% HR\(_{max}\) and (iii) LV-HIIT (4 × 2 min at 90-95% HR\(_{max}\)). Flow cytometric data were analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). HSPC concentration (cells/μL) increased over time in all three trials (p < 0.001, ηp2 = .85), with a significant interaction effect (Trial * Time) between trials (p < 0.001, ηp2 = .59). At post-exercise, HSPC concentrations were greater in LV-HIIT and HV-HIIT compared to MICT (LV-HIIT: 45.19 ± 2.56 vs. 30.51 ± 3.96, p < 0.001; HV-HIIT: 38.56 ± 3.12, p = 0.032), with no difference between HV-HIIT and LV-HIIT (p = 0.416). The present study also reports that HSPCs were mobilised alongside all leukocytes as part of a uniform mobilisation response rather than being preferentially recruited. In summary, our findings indicate that HIIT evokes greater increases in HSPC concentration compared to MICT. Thus, further investigation is warranted into the utility of HIIT as a potential adjuvant therapy in the HSPC allogenic donation process to treat patients suffering from haematological malignancies.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Masters by Research > M.Sc.)

Award Type:

Masters by Research > M.Sc.

Supervisor(s):