Technical debt in relational database normalization

Albarak, Mashel (2020). Technical debt in relational database normalization. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.

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Abstract

The technical debt metaphor describes trade-oﬀs between short-term goals and applying optimal design and development practices. In this thesis, we explore the concept of technical debt in database design and provide an understanding of its causes and types. We focus on a speciﬁc type of debt related to database normalization. Database normalization is one of the main principles for designing relational databases, with the objective of improving data and system qualities. However, developers often ignore the normalization process due to the time and expertise it requires, introducing technical debt into the system. Paying the debt and refactoring the database for normalization can be costly, if the beneﬁts of the exercise are not justiﬁed. We consider database normalization debts are likely to be incurred for tables below the fourth normal form. To manage the debt, we propose a systematic framework to rank the candidate tables for normalization to the fourth normal form. The ranking is based on the tables estimated impact on data quality, performance, maintainability, and cost. We also propose two approaches to identify potential debt tables below fourth normal form. The techniques are evaluated using an industrial case study of a database-backed web application for human resource management. The results show that the debt-aware approach can provide an informed justiﬁcation for the inclusion of critical tables to be normalized, while reducing the eﬀort and cost of normalization.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.)

Award Type:

Doctorates > Ph.D.

Supervisor(s):