Diet and bladder cancer risk and recurrence

Jochems, Sylvia Hubertina Johanna (2020). Diet and bladder cancer risk and recurrence. University of Birmingham. Ph.D.

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Abstract

The link between dietary changes and cancer incidence among migrating populations suggest that there are modifiable environmental exposures that could influence cancer risk and prognosis. While recommendations in relation to diet have been documented for the prevention of cancer, evidence on the role of dietary intake in the years after cancer treatment on cancer prognosis is limited. Typically, patients who have completed initial treatment are advised to follow the same dietary guidelines as for cancer prevention. Although many cancer survivors are motivated to make lifestyle changes to reduce their risk of recurrence, the amount and quality of research is currently insufficient to support specific recommendations on dietary intake for cancer survivors. As bladder cancer survivors have a long survival but suffer from high recurrence risk, bladder cancer is a good candidate for the investigation of the role of dietary intake on cancer prognosis. Dietary factors may contribute to bladder cancer risk considering that many dietary compounds are excreted in urine. In this thesis, the risk of bladder cancer and bladder cancer recurrence in association with fluid intake and fruit and vegetable consumption was investigated within the BLadder Cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants study and the Bladder Cancer Prognosis Programme. Additionally, the impact of dietary intake on cancer recurrence and survival in survivors of common cancers was investigated. The results of this thesis demonstrate no association between fluid intake and bladder cancer risk but do identify an inverse association between greater consumption of fruits and vegetables and subsequent risk of bladder cancer. However, this association with fruits and vegetables could not be observed for the risk of bladder cancer recurrence among non-muscle invasive bladder cancer survivors. Evidence on dietary intake and cancer prognosis is currently insufficient to make specific recommendations about dietary intake for cancer survivors.

Type of Work:

Thesis (Doctorates > Ph.D.)

Award Type:

Doctorates > Ph.D.

Supervisor(s):